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Development of demographic ageing in Italy and Spain
Illáš, Matej ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Development of demographic ageing in Italy and Spain Abstract This paper aims to describe and compare the process of demographic ageing and its components in Italy and Spain from 1960 to the present day. Demographic ageing is analyzed in the paper mainly through the share of the population over 65 years old, the old-age dependency ratio, and the median age. The main data source for this work is the Eurostat database. At the beginning of the observed period, Italy had only marginally higher values of demographic ageing indicators. However, during the observed interval, when both countries aged significantly, a much more significant difference was created between the countries. According to population projections, this difference should probably decrease by 2050, but both countries are expected to continue ageing. Keywords: demographic ageing, population ageing, age structure, Italy, Spain Character count (without spaces): 77 884
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Migration within the Prague Urban Region depending on the age structure
Bártlová, Tereza ; Ouředníček, Martin (advisor) ; Podhorská, Jana (referee)
Migration within the Prague Urban Region depending on the age structure Abstract The Prague Urban Region is one of the most dynamically developing regions in the Czech Republic. The migration of the population, which has increased since the 1990s, has a great importance for the development of Prague's hinterland. The aim of this work is to describe and evaluate the changes of the age structure of the Prague Urban Region inhabitants and to describe the migration development during the selected period. The first part of this thesis deals with migration, its division and connection with the life cycle. The second part is focused on the development of the population and its transformation in the Prague Urban Region. The age structure comparing the development of the population in three different periods is also included. The core part of the work analyzes internal and foreign migration in the Prague's hinterland and the relationship of migration with the natural increase comparing development in the Prague Urban Region with the rest of Czechia. For this, individual anonymized data was used in the administration of the Czech Statistical Office. The last part of the work evaluates the migration of generation Y and the migration of seniors in the Prague's hinterland which are both important for the development of...
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Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia
Brázová, Kateřina
Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia Abstract This work focuses on finding connections and monitoring differences in the area of take-up, provision, and availability of the selected health services in Czechia, especially from a geodemographic point of view. The main goal is to describe and evaluate the influence of basic demographic aspects, age and sex, on take-up, provision, and availability of health services, and also to clarify regional differences. This issue has so far been studied relatively limited in the Czech environment. The work mainly concerns the segment of outpatient care, which is an irreplaceable component of the healthcare system, namely specializations of general practice, outpatient diabetology, cardiology, and psychiatry. Particularly data from the General Health Insurance Company of the Czech Republic (VZP ČR) were used, which contained detailed anonymised information on take-up, provision and availability of health services. Based on these data, methods of a quantitative character were applied. The findings confirm global trends and also offer new insights for further examination of the issue. Keywords: health services, physicians, patients, age structure, demographic ageing, regional differences, Czechia
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Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia
Brázová, Kateřina ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Lustigová, Michala (referee) ; Býma, Svatopluk (referee)
Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia Abstract This work focuses on finding connections and monitoring differences in the area of take-up, provision, and availability of the selected health services in Czechia, especially from a geodemographic point of view. The main goal is to describe and evaluate the influence of basic demographic aspects, age and sex, on take-up, provision, and availability of health services, and also to clarify regional differences. This issue has so far been studied relatively limited in the Czech environment. The work mainly concerns the segment of outpatient care, which is an irreplaceable component of the healthcare system, namely specializations of general practice, outpatient diabetology, cardiology, and psychiatry. Particularly data from the General Health Insurance Company of the Czech Republic (VZP ČR) were used, which contained detailed anonymised information on take-up, provision and availability of health services. Based on these data, methods of a quantitative character were applied. The findings confirm global trends and also offer new insights for further examination of the issue. Keywords: health services, physicians, patients, age structure, demographic ageing, regional differences, Czechia
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Struktura populací prasete divokého (Sus scrofa) a efektivita jejich lovu
Polášek, Tomáš
The structure and quantity of wild boars population estimate future status and it is necessary for right management with wild boars. In two free hunting grounds and game preserve, was in the years 2016-2019 analysis of age structure, sexual structure and weight categories. The analysis of wild boar population was implemented in 18 organise hunts and hunters hunt down 1109 wild boars. Analysis shows still uneven sex ratio in favour of females, and indicates the inefficient management in the category of piglets. In the hunting grounds is also not the right age structure and the overall composition gives the possibility to higher reproduction.
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Economic aspects of population aging in a selected company
VLASÁKOVÁ, Anna
The diploma thesis is focused on the introduction of the concepts of demography, innovation and Industry 4.0, which form the theoretical basis for the practical part. The aim of the diploma thesis is to assess the economic impacts of the demographic transition of aging in the Czech Republic in a selected company. For a comprehensive understanding of the practical part, partial factors that influenced corporate decisions with an appeal to the personnel, investment, innovation and economic activities of the company's policy are addressed. All the information obtained will then make it possible to propose measures to improve the future thinking of the company.
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Long-term development of age structure of housing estates residents: comparison of Prague and Ostrava
Červenka, Jakub ; Špačková, Petra (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Nina (referee)
Panel houses in socialist housing estates belong among dominant forms of housing in Czechia. Mainly young families with children were moving into new housing estates right after their construction was completed, but the following development of residents' composition wasn't the same in all housing estates. Significant social changes after the Velvet Revolution contributed greatly to the differentiation of housing estates' development. This paper aims to describe overall changes of housing estates in Prague and Ostrava between 1970 and 2011 in terms of age structure, to find differences between both cities and to identify main trajectories of housing estates' development. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis as well as more advanced analytical methods represented by location quotients and sequence analysis. The results show that population of housing estates was very young at the beginning, but has aged significantly in the following decades. Housing estates in Ostrava have always been younger than the ones in Prague, however, they are gradually equalizing. Large number of housing estates has had tendency to stabilize their age structure in the same form as the structure of the whole city. Key words: housing estates, age structure, demographic ageing, Prague, Ostrava
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Birth rate change during the First World War in Czech lands
Tvrdíková, Michaela ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The aim is to study changes in fertility in the years 1914-1918, the distribution of live births by age of mother and marriage duration, the seasonality of live births and the impact of these changes on subsequent developments. Further tries to estimate the war effects depicted on age structure through the censuses of 1921, 1930, 1950, 1980 and 2001, to evaluate losses due to missing births during the First World War and the number of unborn in the second generation, to describe the impact of these changes on the probability of death. The main benefit would be to estimate the unborn in the second generation, which had been originally estimated in 1960 by Ivan Kochanovskov and recalculated in this work to the fertile period of generations of women from 1915 to 1920, then the time period 1930-1969.
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Analysis and forecast of the number and demographic structure of dentists in the Czech Republic
Hanáček, Jonáš ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šídlo, Luděk (referee)
Analysis and forecast of the number and demographic structure of dentists in the Czech Republic Abstract Demographic aging and the associated fear of shortage of dentists in the near future is currently frequent topic. This problem is caused in the late seventies and early eighties, when unusually large number of graduates of dental disciplines finished studium and became dentists. In the next few years, the number of graduates declined significantly, and then held for decades at a constant level. This dominant age category of dentists has currently reached retirement age. A large number of old dentists provoked a reaction in the form of re-increase university capacity and current number of graduates is comparable with numbers in the period before 35-40 years ago. The purpose of this paper is to examine this changes and decide, if this changes were sufficient to keep current situation in the field of dental health care. Keywords: dentists, aging of dentists, forecast, age structure, Czech republic
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Population development in Sweden since 1960
Nováková, Iveta ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population development in Sweden since 1960 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the population development in Sweden between 1960 and 2018. The main goal of this work is to evaluate in the context of selected demographic characteristics the course of demographic changes that appeared in the country after 1960. The result is changes in the level of demographic reproduction, which are referred to as the second demographic transition. From the 1960s to the present, Sweden has seen an increase in the average age at first marriage, an increase in the average age of the mother giving birth and an increase in the number of divorces. During the observed period, the Swedish population aged, the share of the pre-productive component of the population decreased, while the share of the post-productive component in the population increased. The development of total fertility in Sweden is often compared to a roller coaster due to its specific fluctuation. From 1960 to 2018, Sweden saw a decline in mortality rates, especially in the older age groups and up to one year of age, which was reflected in the values of life expectancy at birth that grew for both men and women. Sweden is inspiring for other European countries with its gender-neutral family and social policy. Keywords: population development, Sweden, second...
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